ANALISIS PENERAPAN RAINWATER HARVESTING DALAM MENGURANGI RISIKO BANJIR AKIBAT LIMPASAN DI PERUMAHAN IMAM BONJOL KEMILING
Abstract
Pertumbuhan kawasan permukiman di Perumahan Imam Bonjol, Kecamatan Kemiling, telah meningkatkan luasan area kedap air, yang berdampak langsung pada peningkatan volume limpasan permukaan saat hujan deras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi penerapan sistem rainwater harvesting (RWH) dalam mengurangi risiko banjir akibat limpasan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis curah hujan maksimum tahunan dengan distribusi Log Pearson III, perhitungan debit banjir rencana menggunakan metode rasional, dan simulasi pemanenan air hujan untuk berbagai kapasitas tangki. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa debit banjir rencana berkisar antara 0,705–1,107 m³/detik untuk kala ulang 2–25 tahun. Volume limpasan tahunan mencapai 53.710,83 m³. Penerapan sistem RWH pada 50 rumah dengan tangki 0,25 m³, 1 m³, dan 2 m³ dapat mengurangi limpasan masing-masing sebesar 3,34%, 12,14%, dan 27,53%. RWH terbukti efektif sebagai strategi konservasi air sekaligus mitigasi banjir lokal yang berkelanjutan.
References
Abbasi, S., Beris, A. T., Javidi, A. S., Nouri, M., Lonbar, A. G., & Ahmadi, M. (2024). Application of artificial intelligence in digital twin models for stormwater infrastructure systems in smart cities. Advances in Engineering Informatics, 61, 102485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2024.102485
Cahyono, M. (2022). Optimizing rainwater harvesting systems for the dual purposes of water supply and runoff capture: A case study in Bandung Area, West Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1065, 012050. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1065/1/012050
Cristiano, E., Farris, S., Deidda, R., & Viola, F. (2021). Comparison of blue green solutions for urban flood mitigation: A multi city large scale analysis. PLoS ONE, 16(6), e0246429. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246429
Deitch, M. J., & Feirer, S. P. (2019). The stormwater retention performance of rainwater tanks at the land parcel scale. Proceedings of the International Conference on Water Sensitive Urban Design, Melbourne, Australia.
Freni, G., & Liuzzo, L. (2019). Effectiveness of rainwater harvesting systems for flood reduction in residential urban areas. Water, 11(7), 1389. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071389
Ghodsi, H., Teston, F., Cristiano, E., & Deidda, R. (2021). Domestic rainwater harvesting systems to support urban flood resilience. Water Resources Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-022-03327-6
Jing, X., Zhang, S., Zhang, J., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2017). Assessing efficiency and economic viability of rainwater harvesting systems in four climatic zones of China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 126, 74–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.07.002
Jokowinarno, D., & Kusumastuti, D. I. (2020). Rainwater harvesting for flood peak reduction in Way Awi catchment, Indonesia. Geomate Journal, 18(70), 246–251. (Link tidak tersedia via DOI)
Juliana, I. C., Gunawan, T. A., Ilmiaty, R. S., & Simamaru, M. S. (2025). Performance analysis of rainwater management using rainwater harvesting system and infiltration trench in Perumahan Dosen UNSRI Palembang. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 64(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.64.1.112
Khan, A., Park, Y., Park, J., Sim, I., & Kim, R. (2024). Analysis of stormwater and rainwater harvesting potential based on a daily water balance model: A case study of Korea. Water, 16(1), 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16010096
Li, Q., Wang, F., Yu, Y., Huang, Z., Li, M., & Guan, Y. (2021). Comprehensive performance evaluation of LID practices for the sponge city construction: A case study in Guangxi, China. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10347
Liang, D. M. M., Maier, R., Thyer, H. R., Simpson, M. A., Dandy, A. R., & Ernst, B. (2019). Controlling rainwater storage as a system: An opportunity to reduce urban flood peaks for rare, long duration storms. Environmental Modelling & Software, 111, 34–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.08.012
Liaw, C. H., & Tsai, Y. (2004). Optimum storage volume of rooftop rainwater harvesting systems for domestic use. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 40(4), 901–912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2004.tb01552.x
Litofsky, A. L. E., & Jennings, A. A. (2014). Evaluating rain barrel storm water management effectiveness across climatographic zones of the United States. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 140(3), 223–224. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000850
Mahmoud, S. H., Adamowski, J., Alazba, A. A., & El Gindy, A. M. (2016). Rainwater harvesting for the management of agricultural droughts in arid and semi arid regions. Paddy and Water Environment, 14, 231–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-015-0492-7
Melville Shreeve, P., Ward, S., & Butler, D. (2016). Rainwater harvesting typologies for UK houses: A multi criteria analysis of system configurations. WaterSA, 42(4), 561–571. https://doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v42i4.11
Mitchell, V. G. (2007). How important is the selection of computational analysis method to the accuracy of rainwater tank behaviour modelling. Hydrological Processes, 21(21), 2850–2861. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6795
Nnaji, C. C., Emenike, P. C., & Tenebe, I. T. (2017). An optimization approach for assessing the reliability of rainwater harvesting. Water Resources Management, 31, 2011–2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-017-1634-z
Okoye, C. O., Solyalı, O., & Akıntuğ, B. (2015). Optimal sizing of storage tanks in domestic rainwater harvesting systems: A linear programming approach. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 104, 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2015.08.005
Palla, A., Gnecco, I., & La Barbera, P. (2017). The impact of domestic rainwater harvesting systems in storm water runoff mitigation at the urban block scale. Journal of Environmental Management, 191, 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.020
Putri, F. K., Hidayah, E., & Ma’ruf, M. F. (2023). Enhancing stormwater management with low impact development (LID): A review of the rain barrel, bioretention, and permeable pavement applicability in Indonesia. Water Science & Technology, 87(9), 2345–2361. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2023.095
Ramli, I., Mutia, S., & Fachruddin. (2023). The concept of a zero runoff system (ZROS) in reducing the volume of rainwater runoff using infiltration wells at Syiah Kuala University. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, 13(2), 258–266. https://doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.13.2.258-266
Sahani, S., Fletcher, T. D., & Cook, P. L. M. (2019). A multi criteria evaluation of green roofs and rainwater harvesting for urban flood mitigation. Journal of Environmental Management, 230, 91–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.058
Steffen, J., Jensen, M., Pomeroy, C. A., & Burian, S. J. (2013). Water supply and stormwater management benefits of residential rainwater harvesting in U.S. cities. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 49(4), 810–824. https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12100
Xu, J., Dai, J., Wu, X., Gao, A., Tan, Y., & Wang, Y. (2023). Urban rainwater utilization: A review of management modes and harvesting systems. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1025665
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal SENDI
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
