Discoursing Sexual Orientation in the Indonesian Literature and Public Policies: Mapping Gaps
Keywords:
Indonesian literature, Indonesian public policies, LGBT, public policies, social gaps
Abstract
The research investigates the position of the LGBT individuals within the Indonesian literature and the Indonesian public policies framework. Employing a descriptive-qualitative approach, analysis and interpretation of literary works and public policies are conducted through repeated readings and library studies. In addition, a personal interview was conducted to strengthen the analysis. The research focuses on three main aspects: (1) representation of LGBT literature in Indonesia, (2) exploration of how the Indonesian public policies affect the Indonesian discourses on homosexuality, and (3) examination on how the Indonesian LGBT literary works highlight the gaps and challenges within those policies. To unveil the three aspects, several sources are also used alongside the method like personal interview, reviews, articles, essays, and books. The research highlights literature’s role as both a medium to resist and a critique towards the social injustice in these LGBT individuals experience in the society.
References
Ahmad, S. (1995). Tivi. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
Aksana, A. (2004). Lelaki Terindah. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2004.
Alisjahbana, S. T. (1948). Layar Terkembang. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
Andayani, D. (2021). Bagaimana Kolom Jenis Kelamin di KTP Transgender? Ini Kata Kemendagri. Retrieved on 12 March 2025 from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5545429/bagaimana-kolom-jenis-kelamin-di-ktp-transgender-ini-kata-kemendagri
Angelianawati, D., & Schmidt, L. (2017). Discourses of Homosexuality on Indonesian Television: The Power of Media. Membongkar Sastra, Menggugat Rezim Kepastian, 24.
Angelianawati, D. (2017). Symbolic Violence against the Homosexuality in Andrei Aksana’s Novel Lelaki Terindah. LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE.
Angelianawati, D. (2020). Kekerasan Simbolik terhadap Karakter Homoseksual dalam Novel Lelaki Terindah karangan Andrei Aksana. JENTERA: Jurnal Kajian Sastra, 9(1), 58-72.
Ayu, D. M., (2005).Nayla. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Badan Pengawas Keuangan dan Pembangunan (BPKP). “Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 44/2008 mengenai pornografi, p.2.” BPKP, http://www.bpkp.go.id/uu/filedownload/2/33/151.bpkp
Badan Pengawas Keuangan dan Pembangunan (BPKP). “Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 44/2008 mengenai pornografi, p.10.” BPKP, http://www.bpkp.go.id/uu/filedownload/2/33/151.bpkp.
Blackwood, E. (2007). Regulation of Sexuality in Indonesian Discourse: Normative gender, Criminal Law, and Shifting Strategies of Control. Indiana: Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Purdue Univ., 2007. Dx.doi.org, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691050601120589
Boellstorf, T. (2005). The Gay Archipelago: Sexuality and Nation in Indonesia. Priceton: Princeton Univ. Press, 2005.
Bourdieu, P. (2002). Distinction. London: Routledge
Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge Classic.
Chang, E.(2017). “Artist to participate in LGBTQ film festival parade.” Bilingual Times article published on Friday, 27 October 2017.
Dearden, L. (2017). “Sharia court in Indonesia sentences two gay men to 85 lashes each after being caught having sex.” An article published on May 17th, 2017. Independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/islamic-court-indonesia-gay-men-85-lashes-sex-caught-homosexuality-laws-first-time-khairil-jamal-a7740626.html
Diamond, L. & Butterworth, M. (2008). Questioning Gender and Sexual Identity Over Time to Time. Sex Roles: A Journal for Research Vol. 59: 2008. Joycerain.com, http://www.joycerain.com/uploads/2/3/2/0/23207256/_gender_and_intersectionality.pdf
Foucault, M. (1990). The History of Sexuality vol. 1. New York: Vintage
Hasiholan, M.F. Personal communication on 23 March 2025
Head et al. (2025). The Long Road to Legalise Same Sex Marriage in Thailand. Retrieved on 13 March 2025 from https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cge7g93xjw9o
Indriyanto, K., & Angelianawati, D. (2023). Charting The Development and Intersection of Agrarianism, Transcendentalism and Ecocriticism. Diglossia: Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah Kebahasaan dan Kesusastraan, 15(1), 63-82.
Maimunah. (2007). Representasi Homoseksualitas dalam Film Indonesia. ATAVISME 10, no 1: 59-73
Majelis Ulama Indonesia, “Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia No. 57/2014 tentang lesbian, gay, sodomi dan pencabulan,p. 1” KEMENAG LAMPUNG, https://lampung.kemenag.go.id/files/lampung/file/file/MUI/xdob1460683589.pdf
Mujiarso, Is, ed. (2006). Rahasia Bulan. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka
n.a. (2020). Setidaknya 15 Anggota TNI dan Polri dipecat ‘karena homoseksual’. Retrieved on 10 March 2025 from https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-54648815
Pasaribu, N.E. (2020). Cerita-Cerita Bahagia, Hampir Seluruhnya. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama
Petkovic, J. (2008). Dede Utomo Talks on Reyog Ponorogo. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific Issue 2, May 1999. Republished in 2008. Intersection, intersections.anu.edu.au/issue2/Oetomo.html
Syarifuddin. Mairil, Sepenggal Kisah Biru di Pesantren. Yogyakarta: P_Idea, 2005.
Utami, A. (1998). Saman. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia
Wijaya, H.Y. (2020). Stonewall tak mampir di Atlantis. Yogyakarta: Buku Mojok
Zaenuddin, HM. (1966). Kisah-Kisah "Edan" Seputar Djakarta Tempo Doeloe. Edited by Ridoni Daniel.
Aksana, A. (2004). Lelaki Terindah. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2004.
Alisjahbana, S. T. (1948). Layar Terkembang. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
Andayani, D. (2021). Bagaimana Kolom Jenis Kelamin di KTP Transgender? Ini Kata Kemendagri. Retrieved on 12 March 2025 from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5545429/bagaimana-kolom-jenis-kelamin-di-ktp-transgender-ini-kata-kemendagri
Angelianawati, D., & Schmidt, L. (2017). Discourses of Homosexuality on Indonesian Television: The Power of Media. Membongkar Sastra, Menggugat Rezim Kepastian, 24.
Angelianawati, D. (2017). Symbolic Violence against the Homosexuality in Andrei Aksana’s Novel Lelaki Terindah. LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE.
Angelianawati, D. (2020). Kekerasan Simbolik terhadap Karakter Homoseksual dalam Novel Lelaki Terindah karangan Andrei Aksana. JENTERA: Jurnal Kajian Sastra, 9(1), 58-72.
Ayu, D. M., (2005).Nayla. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Badan Pengawas Keuangan dan Pembangunan (BPKP). “Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 44/2008 mengenai pornografi, p.2.” BPKP, http://www.bpkp.go.id/uu/filedownload/2/33/151.bpkp
Badan Pengawas Keuangan dan Pembangunan (BPKP). “Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 44/2008 mengenai pornografi, p.10.” BPKP, http://www.bpkp.go.id/uu/filedownload/2/33/151.bpkp.
Blackwood, E. (2007). Regulation of Sexuality in Indonesian Discourse: Normative gender, Criminal Law, and Shifting Strategies of Control. Indiana: Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Purdue Univ., 2007. Dx.doi.org, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691050601120589
Boellstorf, T. (2005). The Gay Archipelago: Sexuality and Nation in Indonesia. Priceton: Princeton Univ. Press, 2005.
Bourdieu, P. (2002). Distinction. London: Routledge
Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge Classic.
Chang, E.(2017). “Artist to participate in LGBTQ film festival parade.” Bilingual Times article published on Friday, 27 October 2017.
Dearden, L. (2017). “Sharia court in Indonesia sentences two gay men to 85 lashes each after being caught having sex.” An article published on May 17th, 2017. Independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/islamic-court-indonesia-gay-men-85-lashes-sex-caught-homosexuality-laws-first-time-khairil-jamal-a7740626.html
Diamond, L. & Butterworth, M. (2008). Questioning Gender and Sexual Identity Over Time to Time. Sex Roles: A Journal for Research Vol. 59: 2008. Joycerain.com, http://www.joycerain.com/uploads/2/3/2/0/23207256/_gender_and_intersectionality.pdf
Foucault, M. (1990). The History of Sexuality vol. 1. New York: Vintage
Hasiholan, M.F. Personal communication on 23 March 2025
Head et al. (2025). The Long Road to Legalise Same Sex Marriage in Thailand. Retrieved on 13 March 2025 from https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cge7g93xjw9o
Indriyanto, K., & Angelianawati, D. (2023). Charting The Development and Intersection of Agrarianism, Transcendentalism and Ecocriticism. Diglossia: Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah Kebahasaan dan Kesusastraan, 15(1), 63-82.
Maimunah. (2007). Representasi Homoseksualitas dalam Film Indonesia. ATAVISME 10, no 1: 59-73
Majelis Ulama Indonesia, “Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia No. 57/2014 tentang lesbian, gay, sodomi dan pencabulan,p. 1” KEMENAG LAMPUNG, https://lampung.kemenag.go.id/files/lampung/file/file/MUI/xdob1460683589.pdf
Mujiarso, Is, ed. (2006). Rahasia Bulan. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka
n.a. (2020). Setidaknya 15 Anggota TNI dan Polri dipecat ‘karena homoseksual’. Retrieved on 10 March 2025 from https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-54648815
Pasaribu, N.E. (2020). Cerita-Cerita Bahagia, Hampir Seluruhnya. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama
Petkovic, J. (2008). Dede Utomo Talks on Reyog Ponorogo. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific Issue 2, May 1999. Republished in 2008. Intersection, intersections.anu.edu.au/issue2/Oetomo.html
Syarifuddin. Mairil, Sepenggal Kisah Biru di Pesantren. Yogyakarta: P_Idea, 2005.
Utami, A. (1998). Saman. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia
Wijaya, H.Y. (2020). Stonewall tak mampir di Atlantis. Yogyakarta: Buku Mojok
Zaenuddin, HM. (1966). Kisah-Kisah "Edan" Seputar Djakarta Tempo Doeloe. Edited by Ridoni Daniel.
Published
2025-09-15
How to Cite
Angelianawati, D., Maturbongs, E. E., & Indriyanto, K. (2025). Discoursing Sexual Orientation in the Indonesian Literature and Public Policies: Mapping Gaps. Journal of Research on Language Education, 6(2), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.33365/jorle.v6i2.645
Section
Articles
