Authorship and Contributorship

Publication Ethics Policy

Authorship and Contributorship

Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Tertanam (JTST) recognizes authorship as both scholarly credit and responsibility. All individuals who meet the authorship criteria must be properly identified, while contributions that do not qualify for authorship must be acknowledged transparently.

Substantial Contribution
Authorship requires a meaningful intellectual contribution.
Transparency
Each author's specific contribution must be disclosed.
Accountability
Authors are responsible for the integrity of the work.
Fair Recognition
Eligible contributors must not be omitted from authorship.

1. Purpose and Scope

This policy establishes the criteria for authorship, contributorship, acknowledgment, author order, corresponding author responsibilities, authorship changes, and the management of authorship disputes.

The policy applies to all manuscripts submitted to and published by JTST, including manuscripts derived from student research, theses, dissertations, collaborative projects, funded research, institutional projects, and multi-author studies.

2. Authorship Criteria

An individual qualifies as an author only when they meet all four of the following criteria:

  1. Has made a substantial contribution to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data;
  2. Has drafted the manuscript or critically reviewed it for important intellectual content;
  3. Has approved the final version to be published; and
  4. Has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and to ensure that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
All individuals who meet the four criteria must be listed as authors. Individuals who do not meet all four criteria must not be listed as authors but may be recognized in the Acknowledgments section.

3. Author Responsibilities

Each listed author must:

  • Meet all authorship criteria;
  • Provide accurate identity, affiliation, email, and contributor information;
  • Understand and approve the manuscript's content;
  • Approve the final author list and author order;
  • Approve the final manuscript before publication;
  • Disclose relevant financial and non-financial conflicts of interest;
  • Disclose relevant funding and institutional support;
  • Disclose the use of generative artificial intelligence, where applicable;
  • Ensure that the research complies with applicable ethical requirements;
  • Cooperate with editorial questions before and after publication; and
  • Participate in correcting or resolving concerns about the accuracy or integrity of the work.

4. Student Research, Theses, and Dissertations

When a manuscript is substantially derived from a student's final project, thesis, dissertation, research data, system development, experiment, or written work, the student's contribution must be assessed fairly.

A student who meets the JTST authorship criteria must be included as an author and must not be omitted from the manuscript.

Supervisors, lecturers, research leaders, or institutional officials do not automatically qualify as authors solely because of their position, general supervision, provision of facilities, administrative authority, or approval of the research topic.

A supervisor or lecturer may be listed as an author only when they meet all authorship criteria. Author order should reflect the actual contribution and must be agreed upon by all authors before submission.

5. Contributor Roles

JTST requires a contribution statement using the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT). One author may have more than one role, and a role may be shared by multiple authors.

Contributor Role Description
Conceptualization Development of the main research ideas, goals, and objectives.
Data Curation Management, cleaning, documentation, maintenance, and preservation of research data.
Formal Analysis Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other analytical techniques.
Funding Acquisition Acquisition of financial support for the research project.
Investigation Conducting experiments and collecting data or other research evidence.
Methodology Development or design of research methods, models, and procedures.
Project Administration Coordination and management of research planning and implementation.
Resources Provision of research materials, instruments, hardware, computing resources, or other tools.
Software Programming, software development, code implementation, algorithms, and software testing.
Supervision Academic oversight, research leadership, and mentorship.
Validation Verification of results, experiments, models, and research reproducibility.
Visualization Preparation and presentation of figures, tables, diagrams, and data visualizations.
Writing – Original Draft Preparation and writing of the initial manuscript draft.
Writing – Review and Editing Critical review, intellectual revision, commentary, and editing of the manuscript.
A CRediT role alone does not automatically qualify an individual for authorship. Every listed author must still meet all four JTST authorship criteria.

6. Author Contribution Statement

Every manuscript must include an Author Contributions statement before the References or in another location specified by the journal template.

Example:

Author Contributions: D.A.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Writing – Original Draft, and Visualization. H.S.: Data Curation, Validation, and Writing – Review and Editing. N.H.: Investigation, Software, Resources, and Writing – Review and Editing. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

7. Author Order

The author group is responsible for determining the order of authors before submission. Author order should reflect the discipline's accepted practices and the nature or extent of each author's contribution.

The first author is generally the person who made the primary contribution to the research and manuscript preparation. However, the author group may agree on another arrangement when it accurately represents their contributions.

JTST does not determine author order and will not change the order without a written explanation, agreement from all authors, and editorial approval.

8. Corresponding Author

The corresponding author is responsible for communication with JTST during submission, peer review, revision, production, and after publication.

The corresponding author must:

  • Ensure that all authors meet the authorship criteria;
  • Confirm that all eligible authors have been included;
  • Obtain approval of the final author list and author order;
  • Ensure that all authors approve the submitted and final versions;
  • Provide accurate author and contributor metadata;
  • Submit required ethical, funding, conflict of interest, data, and AI declarations;
  • Communicate editorial decisions and reviewer comments to all co-authors;
  • Respond to editorial questions promptly; and
  • Cooperate with requests for data or clarification after publication.

9. Non-Author Contributors and Acknowledgments

Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet all authorship criteria should be acknowledged rather than listed as authors.

Activities that alone do not normally qualify for authorship include:

  • Providing funding without an intellectual contribution;
  • General supervision or administrative leadership;
  • Providing facilities, equipment, or routine technical support;
  • Routine data collection without intellectual involvement;
  • Language editing, proofreading, or formatting;
  • Administrative assistance; and
  • General encouragement or institutional support.

The contribution of each acknowledged person should be described. The corresponding author should obtain permission from individuals named in the Acknowledgments section.

10. Unacceptable Authorship Practices

Practice Description
Ghost Authorship Omitting an individual who made a substantial contribution and meets the authorship criteria.
Gift Authorship Adding a person's name as a favor even though the individual does not meet the authorship criteria.
Guest Authorship Adding a prominent or influential person to increase the manuscript's perceived credibility.
Coercive Authorship Using authority, seniority, supervision, or institutional position to demand authorship without a qualifying contribution.
Purchased or Sold Authorship Adding, removing, or changing authorship in exchange for money, services, publication access, or another benefit.
Unauthorized Authorship Change Adding, removing, replacing, or reordering authors without their knowledge, consent, and editorial approval.

11. Changes in Authorship Before Publication

Requests to add, remove, replace, or reorder authors after submission must be made before publication and must include:

  • A clear explanation of the reason for the change;
  • A revised Author Contributions statement;
  • Written agreement from all currently listed authors;
  • Written agreement from any author being added or removed; and
  • Supporting documentation when requested by the editor.

The review or publication process may be suspended while the request is examined. JTST reserves the right to reject a change that is inadequately explained, disputed, or inconsistent with its authorship policy.

12. Changes in Authorship After Publication

Authorship information in a published article will not be changed silently. An approved addition, removal, replacement, or reordering of authors after publication requires a formal correction notice.

The correction notice will identify the article, explain the authorship change as appropriate, and be linked to the original publication. Article metadata will be updated in the journal system and relevant registration services whenever technically possible.

A serious authorship violation that cannot be resolved through a correction may result in an expression of concern or retraction.

13. Authorship Disputes

Authors are expected to resolve questions about authorship and author order collectively and as early as possible during the research process.

JTST may review documentation and determine the appropriate editorial action, but the journal is not responsible for deciding which individual legally or institutionally qualifies for authorship when the parties remain in dispute.

If the parties cannot reach an agreement, JTST may suspend the manuscript process and refer the matter to the relevant university, research institution, ethics committee, or other competent authority for investigation.

14. Artificial Intelligence and Authorship

Generative artificial intelligence systems, chatbots, large language models, and other AI-assisted technologies cannot be listed as authors or co-authors.

Human authors remain responsible for all AI-assisted content. Relevant use of AI must be disclosed in accordance with the JTST Generative Artificial Intelligence Policy.

15. Suspected Authorship Misconduct

JTST may investigate credible concerns involving omitted contributors, guest authorship, gift authorship, ghost authorship, coercive authorship, purchased authorship, false contribution statements, or unauthorized authorship changes.

Depending on the findings and publication stage, JTST may:

  • Request clarification and supporting documents;
  • Suspend the review or publication process;
  • Reject the manuscript;
  • Publish a correction or expression of concern;
  • Retract the article;
  • Notify the relevant institution; or
  • Take another proportionate editorial action.

16. Ethical References

17. Contact

Editorial Office of JTST
Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Tertanam
Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia
ZA. Pagar Alam Street No. 9–11, Labuhan Ratu
Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia 35132
Email: jtst@teknokrat.ac.id
Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Tertanam (JTST)
Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia
E-ISSN 2745-9500  |  P-ISSN 2986-1802